Quart-arrière vs. Professeur

Qu'ont en commun le recrutement d'un quart-arrière au football et l'embauche d'un professeur ? Malcolm Gladwell prétend que dans les deux cas, il est très difficile de faire une bonne évaluation permettant de savoir si on est en présence d'un cancre ou d'une vedette. De plus, le choix aura de grandes conséquences directes. Un championnat ou des années de misère dans le cas du football. Et un système d'éducation pour ce qui est du professeur :

Eric Hanushek, an economist at Stanford, estimates that the students of a very bad teacher will learn, on average, half a year’s worth of material in one school year. The students in the class of a very good teacher will learn a year and a half’s worth of material. That difference amounts to a year’s worth of learning in a single year. Teacher effects dwarf school effects: your child is actually better off in a “bad” school with an excellent teacher than in an excellent school with a bad teacher. Teacher effects are also much stronger than class-size effects. You’d have to cut the average class almost in half to get the same boost that you’d get if you switched from an average teacher to a teacher in the eighty-fifth percentile. And remember that a good teacher costs as much as an average one, whereas halving class size would require that you build twice as many classrooms and hire twice as many teachers.